Diabetes hypertonic syndrome is an acute complication of type 2 diabetes. Blood sugar level is significantly elevated, causing osmotic diuresis. A large amount of water and electrolytes are lost. Patients have very high blood sugar, dehydration, high blood sodium, and high plasma osmolality, but no obvious ketoacidosis. Patients often have unconsciousness or coma. Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome can lead to life-threatening dehydration. They should be rehydrated immediately. The amount of infuse is generally at 10% to 12% of the body weight. Method of using insulin and potassium is same as that of diabetic ketoacidosis.
How is Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome treated in practice?